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Say-All-Fast-Minute-Each-Day-Shuffled = SAFMEDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Video
A 30-second timing. A note: This student is probably at the "before" stage of SAFMEDS and an "after' comparison would be nice to have.
Maybe that will be posted on Yahoo! at a later date. Consider it a general idea.
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Intro to SAFMEDS, John W. Eshleman, Ed.D., BCBA
Guidelines and Considerations for SAFMEDS ("Saff-meds")
Note: This is considered to be one of the best descriptions of SAFMEDS on the web.
- Introduction
- Creating SAFMEDS
- Examples and Nonexamples of SAFMEDS
- --Criticisms
- --Comments
- Stimulus Control Considerations
- --SAFMEDS Issues
- SAFMEDS Deck Considerations.
- Using SAFMEDS
- SAFMEDS Performance Criteria
- Mini Review of Graf's (2000) Text
- REFERENCES
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Table: How SAFMEDS differ from flashcards
| SAFMEDS |
Flashcards |
May be made by instructor
BUT preferably by learner |
Made by instructor or learner |
| Size: business card to 3x5* |
Usu. 3x5 or larger |
| Entire set available from start |
Only partial set may be available |
| Response is said aloud |
Response is thought or said |
| Work on entire deck |
Work only on current topic or subset |
| Front of card is detailed |
Front of card less detailed than back |
| Back of card/response is short |
More detailed than front |
| Timed |
Untimed |
| Practice has speed emphasis |
Practice is leisurely |
| Say answer without looking |
|
| Practice timing is 1 min. or less |
Not timed |
| Focus is on speed as well as accuracy |
on accuracy |
| Practice at least daily |
Sporadically or as test-review |
| Shuffled before each timing |
May or may not be shuffled |
| Tested by 20-sec timing |
By skill transfer to other task |
| Correct & incorrects charted |
Generally not charted |
* Inkjet business cards at office supplies for about $25-$50/1000.
Another option is to print cardstock in word processing and cut with a paper cutter.
For hand-written cards: 1000 pk Blank 2x3 Flash Cards
Reference:
$ Graf,S. and Lindsley, O. (2002) CH 12: Fluency, Timings, SAFMEDS and Practice Sheets, p. 18
Standard Celeration Charting 2002. Youngstown, OH: Graf Implements.
Available at the Behavior Research Company and Behavior Development Solutions
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Zero Bros. SAFMEDS instructional package
The Zero Bros. were originally Dr. Steve Graf, Dr. Ogden Lindsley and Dr. Jack Auman.
Since Dr. Lindsley's death in 2004, the two Zero Bros. carry on.
This package is considered THE how-to on SAFMEDS by them in the know.
Go here for $ ZERO BROTHERS SAFMEDS PACKAGE
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An awesome discussion on SAFMEDS and ANALYSIS
4/26/07 I asked John W.Eshleman, Ed.D, BCBA, a few newbie questions, and he, being the consummate teacher, did not give me a quick and facile answer but rather a [detailed and elegant discussion of SAFMEDS and instruction.
(Thank you John).
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Online SAFMEDS references & examples
Say Facts or SAFMEDS
Brief description.
SAFMEDS for Exceptional Children, 8th Edition by William L. Heward
Definitions for the text and data sheets
SAFMEDS for BEHV 5250: Applied Behavior Analysis and Autism III: Advanced topics in intervention
How to make cards for the activity and discusses charting progress on a Daily per Minute Standard Celeration Chart EC-11. Charting conventions, chart standards, chart templates and Definitions.
Michael A. Fabrizio, MA, BCBA
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Susan L. Fister Mulkey, M.Ed, Susan L. Fister, Mulkey Educational Consulting and Training.
Indiana Designs Equitable Access for Learning (IDEAL)
...The specific procedures outlined have also been referred to as SAFMEDS (Say All Fast Minute Every Day Shuffled) in the literature. SAFMEDS provide students with practice to build fluency after the initial acquisition stage of learning (when the student knows how to perform the skill correctly but lacks fluency). SAFMEDS involve daily time trials (allowing students the opportunity to perform a skill as many times as possible during a brief time period).
...
The concept of one-minute timed practices involved in this strategy have also been validated in the field of Precision Teaching, which was first conceptualized by Ogden R. Lindsley, Professor Emeritus, University of Kansas. Lindsley coined the term SAFMEDS...
ALL IDEAL Modules
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Example of SAFMEDS for learning text definitions
SAFMEDS for Exceptional Children 8th Edition
William L.Heward
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Journal Articles and Presentations
Clorfene, J.B., Matsumoto, J. Bergman, M., Zhang, M., & Merbitz, C.T. (1998). Unexpected effects of using SAFMEDS to teach taxonomy. Journal of Precision Teaching & Celeration, 15(2), 28-33.
Eshleman, J. W. (1985). Improvement pictures with low celerations: An early foray into the use of SAFMEDS. Journal of Precision Teaching, 6(3), 54-63.
Graf, S.A. (1986). SAFMEDS & TAFMEDS: Blending precision teaching with microcomputer technology. Paper presented at the sixth annual meeting of the Precision Teaching Conference, Utah.
Graf, S.A. (1994). How to develop, produce and use SAFMEDS in education and training. Youngstown, OH: Zero Brothers Software.
McDade, C.E., & Olander, C.P. (1990). SAFMEDS design: A comparison of three protocols. Journal of Precision Teaching, 7(2), 69-73.
McDade, C.E., Austin, D.M., & Olander, C.P. (1985). Technological advances in precision teaching: A comparison between computer-testing and SAFMEDS. Journal of Precision Teaching, 6(3), 49-53.
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2/8/08
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